It emerges from the back part of your midbrain. Like your oculomotor nerve, it moves forward until it reaches your eye sockets, where it stimulates the superior oblique muscle. The trigeminal nerve is the largest of your cranial nerves and has both sensory and motor functions. The trigeminal nerve originates from a group of nuclei — which is a collection of nerve cells — in the midbrain and medulla regions of your brainstem. Eventually, these nuclei form a separate sensory root and motor root.
The sensory root of your trigeminal nerve branches into the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular divisions. The motor root of your trigeminal nerve passes below the sensory root and is only distributed into the mandibular division. This muscle is involved in outward eye movement. For example, you would use it to look to the side. This nerve, also called the abducent nerve, starts in the pons region of your brainstem. It eventually enters your eye socket, where it controls the lateral rectus muscle.
The facial nerve provides both sensory and motor functions, including:. Your facial nerve has a very complex path. It originates in the pons area of your brainstem, where it has both a motor and sensory root.
Eventually, the two nerves fuse together to form the facial nerve. Both within and outside of your skull, the facial nerve branches further into smaller nerve fibers that stimulate muscles and glands or provide sensory information. Your vestibulocochlear nerve has sensory functions involving hearing and balance. It consists of two parts, the cochlear portion and vestibular portion:. The cochlear and vestibular portions of your vestibulocochlear nerve originate in separate areas of the brain.
The cochlear portion starts in an area of your brain called the inferior cerebellar peduncle. The vestibular portion begins in your pons and medulla. Both portions combine to form the vestibulocochlear nerve. The glossopharyngeal nerve has both motor and sensory functions, including:. The glossopharyngeal nerve originates in a part of your brainstem called the medulla oblongata. It eventually extends into your neck and throat region. The vagus nerve is a very diverse nerve.
It has both sensory and motor functions, including:. Out of all of the cranial nerves, the vagus nerve has the longest pathway. It extends from your head all the way into your abdomen. It originates in the part of your brainstem called the medulla. Your accessory nerve is a motor nerve that controls the muscles in your neck.
These muscles allow you to rotate, flex, and extend your neck and shoulders. The spinal portion originates in the upper part of your spinal cord. The cranial part starts in your medulla oblongata. These parts meet briefly before the spinal part of the nerve moves to supply the muscles of your neck while the cranial part follows the vagus nerve. Your hypoglossal nerve is the 12th cranial nerve which is responsible for the movement of most of the muscles in your tongue.
It starts in the medulla oblongata and moves down into the jaw, where it reaches the tongue. The amygdaloid body is also known as the amygdaloid nucleus. This is an oval structure located within the temporal lobe of the human brain. In the brain, oxygenated blood travels through an extensive and central cerebral arterial circle.
This network is called the circle of Willis. The anterior cerebral artery supplies most of the superior-medial parietal lobes and portions of the frontal lobes with fresh blood. Blood supply to…. The occipital bone is the trapezoidal-shaped bone found at the lower-back area of the cranium.
The occipital is cupped like a saucer in order to house…. The thalamus is located deep within the brain in the cerebral cortex, adjacent to the hypothalamus. It is a symmetrical structure, situated on top of…. The superior colliculus refers to the rostral front bump on the lateral side part of the midbrain. It is, in fact, a pair of two colliculi….
The posterior pericallosal branch of the posterior cerebral artery is one of the arteries serving the brain. In some individuals it may be absent…. The middle cerebral artery MCA is the largest of the three major arteries that channels fresh blood to the brain.
It branches off the internal…. In the central nervous system, there are three different layers that cover the spinal cord and brain. These are called the meninges, and their three…. The sigmoid sinus is a dural venous sinus that lies deep within the human head, and just below the brain. A dural sinus is a channel that lies between…. The 12 Cranial Nerves. Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph. Olfactory nerve II.
Optic nerve III. Oculomotor nerve IV. Trochlear nerve V. The glossopharyngeal nerve has both motor and sensory functions, including:. The glossopharyngeal nerve originates in a part of your brainstem called the medulla oblongata. It eventually extends into your neck and throat region. The vagus nerve is a very diverse nerve. It has both sensory and motor functions, including:. Out of all of the cranial nerves, the vagus nerve has the longest pathway.
It extends from your head all the way into your abdomen. It originates in the part of your brainstem called the medulla. Your accessory nerve is a motor nerve that controls the muscles in your neck.
These muscles allow you to rotate, flex, and extend your neck and shoulders. The spinal portion originates in the upper part of your spinal cord. The cranial part starts in your medulla oblongata. These parts meet briefly before the spinal part of the nerve moves to supply the muscles of your neck while the cranial part follows the vagus nerve.
Your hypoglossal nerve is the 12th cranial nerve which is responsible for the movement of most of the muscles in your tongue. It starts in the medulla oblongata and moves down into the jaw, where it reaches the tongue. Learn about its symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and outlook.
Have trouble blinking or closing your eyes to sleep? You might have lagophthalmos. Learn what causes this condition and how to treat it. Isolated nerve dysfunction IND is a type of neuropathy nerve damage that occurs in a single nerve. Technically it is a mononeuropathy because it…. Tingling in the hands and feet can be caused by a number of factors or conditions.
Even just sitting in a certain position for too long can lead to…. Several supplements may ease neuropathy symptoms, like vitamin B, fish oil, curcumin, and more. The telltale symptoms of sciatic nerve pain are severe pain in your back, buttocks, and legs. Many people with sciatica pain find lying down painful. In general, some sleeping positions are better than others and put less stress on the sciatic…. Learn the average duration of a pinched nerve based on type, what treatments are available, and how to prevent pinched nerves in the first place.
With neuropathic pain, the body sends pain signals to your brain unprompted. Here's what causes it and what you can do. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. The 12 Cranial Nerves. Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph. Olfactory nerve II. Optic nerve III. Oculomotor nerve IV. Trochlear nerve V. Trigeminal nerve VI. Abducens nerve VII. Facial nerve VIII. Vestibulocochlear nerve IX. Glossopharyngeal nerve X. Vagus nerve XI. Accessory nerve XII. Hypoglossal nerve Cranial nerve diagram What are cranial nerves?
Keep reading to learn more about each of the 12 cranial nerves and how they function. Olfactory nerve. Optic nerve. Oculomotor nerve. Trochlear nerve. Trigeminal nerve. Abducens nerve. Facial nerve.
Vestibulocochlear nerve. Glossopharyngeal nerve. Vagus nerve. Accessory nerve. Hypoglossal nerve.
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